Defeat nail fungus not only worsens their aesthetic appearance and the quality of life of the patient, but can cause serious complications. Especially dangerous is the disease for people immunosuppressed and disorder of hormonal background. The treatment of a fungal infection is fraught with difficulties and requires a lot of time. Then the measures are taken, the more difficult to get rid of the nail parasites, so that when detected the early signs of the disease, the more quickly you can consult a dermatologist.
The causes of nail fungus
The defeat of the nail plate parasitic fungus-called onychomycosis by dermatophytes. The etiology of the disease is linked not only with the penetration of the parasite in the body, but also with fastening in the shape of horns layers, which can not be done without the need to create certain conditions. The main cause of nail fungus is the presence of a favourable environment for the proliferation of microorganisms. The infection occurs when the contact-exposed areas of the body with the works or with an infected person.
After being hit by parasites on the skin, are fixed into the surface layer of the epidermis and gradually begin to spread on to healthy skin.
The first penetration of the fungi into the deeper layers of the disease asymptomatic, and in the absence of favourable conditions for the pathogens are replaced with re-educated the cells in good health in addition to horny disks. In the presence of certain conditions, to aid in the formation of a favourable environment to increase the total mass of the mushrooms, their penetration into the nail plate and the rapid promotion of a fingernail.
The consequences of fungus on the nails
In the absence of prompt treatment fungus spreads on all the nails healthy. The violation of the aesthetic appearance of the fingers of the hands and feet — it is not the most dangerous thing a consequence of the disease. Athlete's foot is a hotbed of infection, which is able to cause the inflammatory processes in the dermis and cause increased sensitivity of the body. As an allergen with the performances of the waste products of micro-organisms with high toxicity for the human body.
Allocated pathogens of onychomycosis biological substances can result in the development of diseases of the body, including very heavy. Under the influence of toxic substances, biologically active can develop the following diseases:
- the defeat of the skin allergic in nature;
- damage to the liver;
- the acute damage of the entire surface of the skin and mucous membranes.
Person with diagnosis of diabetes mellitus are not only at greater risk of infection fungal, but also most of the others suffer from the consequences of onychomycosis. Diabetics have a violation of the sensitivity of the limbs, which prevents you from detecting the first signs of the disease, and the delay in the treatment of the disease in this category of patients is full of infection of the cracks formed on the skin to fungal infections. The most frequent complications of fungal infection in diabetes are:
- bone infection;
- gangrene of the lower limbs;
- sores on the legs.
The treatment of nail fungus
The duration of a course of treatment with systemic administration for onychomycosis is dependent on the phase of diagnosis of the disease and the nature of its course. The goal of treatment is eradication of (total destruction) fungal, parasites. The scheme of antifungal therapy is developed by a dermatologist on the basis of the results a diagnosis is made, during which it is detected that the type of the causative agent of the disease, and verified the presence in the body of other pathogens (when bacterial complications).
The arsenal of methods of treatment includes a series of ways to destroy the mushrooms, the feasibility of application of which determines the physician on the basis of the degree of deformation of the nails. The treatment of fungus of the nail is performed with one of the following methods:
- Medical – in case of disease, flowing in the mild form, are assigned to the local antimycotic funds (creams, ointments, gels, lotions, lacquers, spray) in monotherapy, onychomycosis, moderate, and severe form of therapy scheme is completed tablets, capsules orally.
- Laser therapy – illustrated with slight damage in the absence of co-infections, is an alternative method that can replace the long-term use of medicines.
- Remove the nail plate – so radical therapy often recurrent onychomycosis and severe forms of the disease.
- Antibiotic therapy – is given in case of complications of the disease fungal bacterial infection.
Removal hit the nail
Before the development of modern techniques of pharmacological treatment for fungal infection removing nail was the only way to get rid of mycosis. The classic method of removing the affected nail plate is surgical. Currently, this high-traumatic and painful method occur only rarely, which is associated with the risk of development of post-operative complications (wound infection, a long and arduous recovery period).
Alternative, less painful methods of removal are pedicures and laser therapy. During these procedures the plate to be softened keratolytic medications, and layers removed with special tools (shell milling cutters with the grinding wheel finishing laser or a tool). The disadvantages of these methods include the risk of developing an allergic reaction, the insertion of infection, incomplete removal of the fungus.
Remove the nail plate is possible, without resorting to mechanical stress, and with the help of special medications. Drugs, use the l button to soften the keratin (the biomaterials, in the part of the nail), they are called ceratolici. Their mechanism of action relies on the ability of the principal components (urea and acid) to modify the structure of the plate, which makes its soft and plastic.
The tablets
Preformed drugs are given with a moderate and severe disease fungal. In the scheme of treatment of onychomycosis are included mainly 2 groups antifungals – azoles and allylamines. The effectiveness of therapy with the use of the funds increases significantly, but the intake of tablets should be taken under medical supervision because of the side effects associated with the highly specific action of antifungals.
Ointments and creams
In the absence of the need of therapy for systemic fungal infections (milder forms, the prevalence of lesions not more than 2/3 the square of the nail plate) drugs local action can be used in monotherapy. Antimycotic ointments and creams to potentiate the action of drugs, which are taken inside, then the combined use of use of the system and local therapy accelerates the healing process.
The drug from nail fungus should appoint a dermatologist based on the clinical picture of the disease, and of course, the results of the diagnostic of the pathogen. The wrong choice of treatment can be not only ineffective, but also dangerous. The advantages of the use of creams and ointments to get rid of the fungus are a lesser number of side effects, the quick resolution of unpleasant symptoms, disadvantages – the duration of the course and the inefficiency during serious illness.
Treatment for fungus on his legs and hands in paint
Tools for local action, used to apply directly on the nail, an antifungal lucky. Inclusion in a regimen of paints does not deny the application of other forms of dosage antifungals. By themselves, these funds may only be used as prevention. The advantage of a complement of the therapy paints is to eliminate cosmetic defects such as altered color or deformation, the disadvantage is the high cost of treatment.
The mechanism of action of anti-fungal medications, such as paints based on fungicidal properties of their components. To improve the efficiency of their it must be applied every day to clean the dead skin tissue and degrease the nail plate (the old layer of paint you need to remove it using a solvent).
Laser therapy.
One of the modern methods of treatment of the fungus is laser therapy – burning a laser beam of colonies nestle purchased the keratin plate without destruction of healthy tissues. Indications for carrying out this procedure, perhaps, of any form and stage of onychomycosis. The application of the laser provides immediate death of pests and accelerates the healing process. The number of sessions of laser therapy (approximately 30 minutes) is determined on the basis of the severity of the injury. Product handling do not express painful sensations and almost does not cause side effects.
The treatment of nail fungus folk remedies
The use of traditional medicine in the treatment of onychomycosis is admissible only as one of the traditional ways of therapy to improve its therapeutic effect. If for any reason it is not possible to contact a doctor if you notice signs of mold, it is necessary to take measures as soon as possible to avoid transfer of the disease in severe form (during the execution phase of self-medication can lead to dangerous consequences).
Because of the widespread presence of fungus alternative medicine offers many ways to solve this problem with the application of internal and external funds. The most popular folk remedies for the treatment of nail fungus:
- Vinegar (70% of essence). Effective and fast-acting means is a paste with vinegar, eggs and butter. In a bowl, pour 200 ml of vinegar, omit the egg and placed in a dark place. After the dissolution, the eggs must be filtered out of the liquid and add 1 teaspoon. oil. The paste thus obtained is applied on 12-14 hours under the foil to take the steam areas. How to soften the plate, it is necessary to cut up to complete disappearance of the fungus.
- Iodine. If, immediately after the detection of the first symptoms onychomycosis use of convenient antiseptic, such as iodine, – it is possible to solve the problem for 1-2 treatments. In the later stages of this method is ineffective. Manipulation are applied on the affected area iodine until the moment in which the substance does not cease to be absorbed. Before the procedure goes to steam the feet or hands and allow them to dry completely. When you see the strong burning sensation during the treatment it is necessary to lower a limb in a bowl of cold water.
- Juice of celandine. The plant has a bactericidal effect, which leads to its application for the treatment of fungal diseases. Medicinal manipulation you perform on the net the feet or hands. In the juice of the stem just torn the celandine, it is necessary to moisten a cotton ball and apply it to the affected areas covered with gauze. Everyday, this procedure will help you 2-3 weeks to get rid of the signs of the disease.
- The peroxide of hydrogen. One of the methods for facilitating the rapid resolution of a fungal infection, is a three-step procedure with the application of hydrogen peroxide. The surface is initially treated with a mixture of vinegar (3%) and hydrogen peroxide (3%) in the ratio of 1 to 1, after which the fingers are immersed for 30 seconds. in a very weak solution of sodium hypochlorite. After soaking in the function it is necessary to wash well, to dry the fingers of the hands or feet and apply it on your nails a mixture of tea tree oil and vaseline. The duration of treatment is 1 week.
- Tincture of euphorbia. For the treatment of skin and nail pathologies, it is possible to use all types of euphorbia. For the preparation of dyes should pour a small amount of the raw materials of boiling water and leave in infusion for 2-3 hours, cooled down to 45-50 degrees in the infusion is necessary to steam out feet or hands for half an hour. After 3-4 weeks, the daily routine of the symptoms of the discomfort should disappear.
- Tea tree oil. Contained in this tool, these substances, such as limonene, alpha-terpinene, sabine, alpha-fellandrene, cineole provides an antiseptic and an anti-inflammatory effect. For the destruction of fungi, the dermatophytes is recommended for 8-10 weeks bathroom by adding 15-20 drops of oil.
Prevention
Parasites, microorganisms spread everywhere and completely limit your contact with them is impossible, but by observing a few precautions, you can reduce the risk of infection. Prevention of onychomycosis aims to reduce the likelihood of infection and strengthen the immune system of security to prevent the stabilization of pathogens in the body. The main preventive measures are:
- the regular activities of hygiene for the care of the skin the stop sign and palm trees;
- how to get rid of hyperhidrosis stop;
- resolution excessive dryness of the skin;
- the limitation of the contact of the skin open with the normal objects in places of public;
- daily change of socks, stockings, tights, etc.;
- wear comfortable shoes and clothing from breathable material;
- a timely treatment microtrauma, dystrophic changes of the nail plate;
- the respect of the techniques of disinfection and sterilization of instruments for manicures and pedicures;
- abandon the bad habits;
- the respect of the principles of a balanced diet, limiting the amount of consumption of sugary foods;
- on a periodic basis (spring and fall) acquisition of vitamin complexes.
It is not possible to ignore the signs of a disease, or try to establish a diagnosis. The majority of cases, the doctor is already in the process of serious disease, which is associated with confidence in patients who may develop onychomycosis as they apply all the rules. Keep in mind that even when you are satisfied with the medical recommendations for the prevention of fungal infections probability of infection is reduced, but a certain percentage of the risk of infection is still.